Bifocal lo ntsiab muag tsis yog tsuas yog rau qhov muag laus xwb.Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoos, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob multifocal uas muaj peev xwm nyeem tau ntau tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb ntawm myopia, kev tshawb fawb tshiab tau pom.
Hauv kev sim tshuaj peb xyoos ntawm ze li ntawm 300 tus menyuam yaus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob bifocal nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob ze ntawm kev kho qhov ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb ntawm myopia kev loj hlob los ntawm 43 feem pua piv rau tib lub zeem muag qhov muag.
Txawm hais tias ntau tus neeg laus hauv lawv cov 40s tau siv sijhawm los kho lawv thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis, cov menyuam yaus hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb uas siv tib lub ntsej muag muag muag muag tsis muaj teeb meem pom txawm tias lawv muaj peev xwm kho tau zoo.Multifocal lo ntsiab muag rau cov neeg mob myopic kho qhov nrug deb. lub zeem muag thiab "nce" focal ntev rau kev ua haujlwm ze uas cuam tshuam qhov muag nruab nrab.
Bifocal Contact Lenses
Jeffrey Walling, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm optometry ntawm Ohio State University thiab tus thawj coj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau hais tias "Cov neeg laus xav tau ntau lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem mloog zoo rau kev nyeem ntawv."
“Txawm hais tias cov menyuam yaus hnav cov lo ntsiab muag multifocal, lawv tseem tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb, yog li nws zoo li muab cov iav tiv thaiv rau lawv.Lawv yooj yim haum rau cov neeg laus. "
Txoj kev tshawb no, hu ua BLINK (Bifocal Lenses for Children with Myopia), tau tshaj tawm hnub no (Lub Yim Hli 11) hauv JAMA.
Nyob rau hauv myopia, los yog ze ze, lub qhov muag loj hlob mus rau hauv ib tug elongated duab nyob rau hauv ib tug uncoordinated yam, yog vim li cas rau qhov uas tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej.Txoj kev tshawb fawb tsiaj tau muab cov kws tshawb fawb txog lub peev xwm rau kev sib cuag lo ntsiab muag los tswj qhov muag loj hlob los ntawm kev siv qhov kev nyeem ntawv ntawm ib qho kev sib tiv tauj lo ntsiab muag. tsom qee lub teeb nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub retina - txheej ntawm lub teeb-rhiab ntaub so ntswg tom qab ntawm lub qhov muag - kom qeeb qhov muag loj hlob.
Waring, uas kuj yog tus thawj coj saib xyuas kev tshawb fawb hauv Ohio State Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Optometry tau hais tias "Cov no ntau lub ntsej muag txav nrog lub qhov muag thiab muab kev tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina dua li cov tsom iav ua," said Waring, uas kuj yog tus thawj coj saib xyuas kev tshawb fawb hauv Ohio State Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Optometry. ntawm ob lub qhov muag, vim hais tias myopia yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muag loj dhau lawm. "
Txoj kev tshawb no thiab lwm tus tau ua tiav kev kho mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus myopic, Waring said.Kev xaiv muaj xws li multifocal contact lenses, contact lenses reshape the cornea when sleep (hu ua orthokeratology), ib hom tshuaj qhov muag hu ua atropine, thiab cov tsom iav tshwj xeeb.
Myopia tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim xwb.Myopia ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob cataracts, retinal detachment, glaucoma, thiab myopic macular degeneration.Txhua yam mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev, txawm tias cov tsom iav los yog qhov muag lo ntsiab muag.Tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub neej zoo - tsawg dua qhov ze ze txhim kho txoj hauv kev ntawm kev phais laser kom ua tiav qhov pom kev zoo thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum tsis hnav aligners, xws li thaum sawv ntxov.
Myopia kuj muaj tshwm sim, cuam tshuam txog ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg laus hauv Asmeskas, thiab tau dhau los ua ntau dua - raws li cov kws tshawb fawb hauv zej zog ntseeg tias cov menyuam yaus siv sijhawm sab nraum zoov tsawg dua li yav dhau los. Myopia feem ntau pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 8 xyoo. thiab 10 thiab nce mus txog hnub nyoog 18 xyoo.
Walline tau kawm txog kev siv cov menyuam yaus lub ntsej muag lo ntsiab muag tau ntau xyoo thiab tau pom tias ntxiv rau qhov ua tau zoo rau kev pom kev, cov lo ntsiab muag kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov menyuam txoj kev hwm tus kheej.
Nws tau hais tias "Tus menyuam yau tshaj plaws uas kuv tau kawm yog hnub nyoog xya xyoo," tsis yog txhua tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 25 xyoos tuaj yeem zam lub ntsej muag lo ntsiab muag.Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 xyoo tuaj yeem tsim nyog haum rau cov lo ntsiab muag, thiab yuav luag txhua tus menyuam hnub nyoog 8 xyoo tuaj yeem ua tau. "
Bifocal Contact Lenses
Hauv qhov kev sim no, ua nyob rau hauv Ohio State University thiab University of Houston, myopic cov menyuam hnub nyoog 7-11 tau raug muab tso rau ib qho ntawm peb pawg ntawm cov neeg siv lub lens hnav: monovision lossis multifocal tshuaj nrog 1.50 diopter nce hauv kev nyeem ntawv nruab nrab lossis Siab ntxiv 2.50 diopters.Diopter yog chav ntsuas ntsuas rau lub zog kho qhov muag yuav tsum tau kho qhov muag pom.
Raws li ib pab pawg, cov neeg tuaj koom muaj qhov nruab nrab diopter ntawm -2.39 diopters thaum pib ntawm txoj kev tshawb no.Tom qab peb xyoos, cov menyuam yaus uas hnav lo ntsiab muag muaj txiaj ntsig tsawg dua qhov kev loj hlob ntawm myopia thiab qhov muag pom tsawg dua.Ntawm qhov nruab nrab, cov menyuam yaus uas hnav cov ntsiab lus siab ntxiv. bifocals loj hlob lawv ob lub qhov muag 0.23 hli tsawg dua ntawm peb xyoos dua li cov uas hnav ib lub zeem muag.Moderate lo ntsiab muag tsis qeeb qhov muag qhov muag ntau dua li ib lub qhov muag tsis pom kev.
Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias qhov kev txo qis ntawm qhov muag yuav tsum muaj kev sib npaug ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev ua kom cov me nyuam txais kev txawj nyeem ntawv ntev ua ntej cov me nyuam xav tau qhov kev kho theem no.Muaj ob tsab ntawv sib txawv ntawm monofocal lens wearers thiab multifocal lens wearers thaum sim lawv lub peev xwm los nyeem cov ntawv grey ntawm keeb kwm dawb.
"Nws yog hais txog kev nrhiav qhov chaw qab zib," Waring tau hais tias.
Pab neeg tshawb fawb tau txuas ntxiv ua raws tib cov neeg koom nrog, kho lawv nrog cov lo ntsiab muag siab bifocal rau ob xyoos ua ntej hloov lawv txhua tus mus rau ib lub qhov muag pom kev lo ntsiab muag.
"Cov lus nug yog, peb qeeb qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub qhov muag, tab sis yuav ua li cas thaum peb coj lawv tawm ntawm kev kho mob?Puas yog lawv rov qab mus rau qhov chaw uas lawv tau ua ntej preprogrammed?Kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm kev kho mob yog qhov peb yuav tshuaj xyuas, "Walline tau hais..
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau nyiaj los ntawm National Eye Institute, ib feem ntawm National Institutes of Health, thiab txhawb nqa los ntawm Bausch + Lomb, uas muab kev daws teeb meem rau lub lens.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-17-2022
